Judge in California blocks huge hikes in fees for citizenship and immigration processes, as he rules that acting Homeland Security Secretary and his predecessor were illegally appointed to their jobs
A federal judge on Tuesday blocked major fee increases for citizenship and other immigration benefits three days before they were to take effect, saying the last two chiefs of the Homeland Security Department were likely appointed illegally and so were unable to introduce the fee hikes.
U.S. District Judge Jeffrey White found Kevin McAleenan improperly leapfrogged to acting secretary when Kirstjen Nielsen resigned in April 2019.
The judge said McAleenan, as Customs and Border Protection commissioner, was seventh in line to assume the acting role under rules of succession at the time.
Chad Wolf, who became acting secretary after McAleenan resigned in November, was also promoted out of order from his position as under secretary for strategy, policy and plans, said White, ruling in Oakland, California.
Kevin McAleenan, left, and Chad Wolf, right, were wrongfully promoted to Homeland Security Secretary out of turn, a judge in California ruled on Tuesday night
New U.S. citizens wave American flags at a naturalization ceremony, pictured in 2018
White, who was appointed by President George W. Bush, also blocked the fee hikes on grounds that the Trump administration likely failed to adequately consider the impact of the changes as required under federal rule-making, including their effect on low-income applicants.
The Homeland Security and Justice departments did not immediately respond to requests for comment Tuesday night.
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, the agency with Homeland Security that awards citizenship, green cards and temporary work permits, said it was reviewing the decision.
Homeland Security strongly disagreed with a finding in August by the Government Accountability Office, a congressional investigative agency, that McAleenan, Wolf and Ken Cuccinelli, the department's second-highest ranking official, were appointed illegally.
Chad Wolf was sworn in as acting Secretary of Homeland Security in November 2019
Elizabeth Ross (C) from Venezuela along with family and friends pose for pictures with an American flag after she took the oath to become a U.S. citizen at a Naturalization Ceremony
President Donald Trump nominated Wolf to be secretary on September 10 - exactly 17 months after Nielsen stepped down as the last Senate-confirmed leader of the department.
The Senate has not yet acted on Wolf's appointment.
Fees were set to increase by an average of 20 per cent on Friday.
Changes were to include a first-ever fee for applying for asylum of $50.
Asylum-seekers would also have to pay $550 if they sought work authorization and $30 for collecting biometrics.
The fee to become a naturalized citizen was set to jump to $1,170 from $640.
Fee waivers were to be largely eliminated for people who cannot afford to apply.
Eight advocacy groups sued the administration in August after Homeland Security published a final version of the fee hikes, incorporating public feedback.
McAleenan initially proposed the hikes in November in one of his last acts as acting secretary.
Migrants' rights groups on Tuesday night celebrated the judge's decision, which will prevent naturalization ceremonies like this one in El Paso in 2019 from being made more expensive
'The injunction will ensure that millions of low income immigrants, applicants for naturalization, asylum seekers, survivors of domestic violence and survivors of human trafficking will be able to affordably apply for the immigration benefits they are eligible for,' said Melissa Rodgers, director of programs for the Immigrant Legal Resource Center, one of the plaintiffs.
The Migration Policy Institute recently cataloged more than 400 actions under Trump to reshape immigration policy, including border enforcement, asylum eligibility and vetting for visas. Many are being challenged in court.
Lawyers suing the administration are increasingly questioning the legitimacy of actions taken by McAleenan, Wolf and Cuccinelli but it is unclear how often those arguments will prevail.
A federal judge in Maryland said this month that the appointments of McAleenan and Wolf were invalid because they didn't follow the order of succession, ruling in a case over a new one-year waiting period for asylum-seekers to apply for work permits.
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